Multicast using PIM-SM in Broadband Satellite Multimedia Systems

The approach currently being taken by ETSI (BSM) to standardisation for Multicast PIM-SM protocols is described. This paper describes methods, architectures and adaptations to support IP-multicast services efficiently across IP-based broadband multimedia satellite systems. This work has recently begun and the final objective is to arrive at a consensus for a standard on this subject

Comparative evaluation QoS of FTP over LEO and GEO Satellite Networks with diffserv architecture

This paper presents studies of the end-to-end QoS of IP over integrated terrestrial and NGSN (next generation satellite network) for file transfer service using FTP. The authors compare between LEO and GEO satellites constellations for the QoS parameters (i.e., delay, jitter, loss rate and throughput) of file transfer between one server in London and a client in Boston. The authors model the file transfer with multiple connections and file size variation according to exponential and Pareto distributions respectively. The authors create the scenario with error model to simulate transmission loss environment using the NS-2 simulation software. A Diffserv (differentiated services) queue interface is placed in the server side to regulate the traffic flows across the narrow bandwidth of the satellite links. The authors compare the empirical TCP throughput traces with analytical model for validation. The results showed the performance evaluation and presented a good comparison of the QoS parameters involved in the data transfer across LEO and GEO satellites systems

Architecture for satellite services over cryptographically heterogeneous networks with application into smart grid

The rapid growth in the demand for Future Internet services with many emerging group applications has driven the development of satellite, which is the preferred delivery mechanism due to its wide area coverage, multicasting capability and speed to deliver affordable future services. Nevertheless, security has been one of the obstacles for both satellite services as well as smart grid group applications, especially with logical/geographical/cryptographic domains spanning heterogeneous networks and regions. In this paper, adaptive security architecture is implemented to protect satellite services for smart grid group applications. The focus is on key management and policy provisioning. Leveraging Group Domain of Interpretation (GDOI) as the standard for smart grid centralized key/policy management architecture, a single Domain of Interpretation (DOI) is deployed and evaluated critically in terms of the added protocol signaling overhead on the satellite system for a fixed-network scenario. This also partially realizes the growing trend towards the use of TCP/IP technology for smart grid applications

QoS based Admission Control using Multipath Scheduler for IP over Satellite Networks

This paper presents a novel scheduling algorithm to support quality of service (QoS) for multiservice applications over integrated satellite and terrestrial networks using admission control system with multipath selection capabilities. The algorithm exploits the multipath routing paradigm over LEO and GEO satellites constellation in order to achieve optimum end-to-end QoS of the client-server Internet architecture for HTTP web service, file transfer, video streaming and VoIP applications. The proposed multipath scheduler over the satellite networks advocates load balancing technique based on optimum time-bandwidth in order to accommodate the burst of application traffics. The method tries to balance the bandwidth load and queue length on each link over satellite in order to fulfil the optimum QoS level for each traffic type. Each connection of a traffic type will be routed over a link with the least bandwidth load and queue length at current time in order to avoid congestion state. The multipath routing scheduling decision is based on per connection granularity so that packet reordering at the receiver side could be avoided. The performance evaluation of IP over satellites has been carried out using multiple connections, different file sizes and bit-error-rate (BER) variations to measure the packet delay, loss ratio and throughput

Integration of Linux TCP and Simulation: Verification, Validation and Application

Network simulator has been acknowledged as one of the most flexible means in studying and developing protocol as it allows virtually endless numbers of simulated network environments to be setup and protocol of interest to be fine-tuned without requiring any real-world complicated and costly network experiment. However, depending on researchers, the same protocol of interest can be developed in different ways and different implementations may yield the outcomes that do not accurately capture the dynamics of the real protocol. In the last decade, TCP, the protocol on which the Internet is based, has been extensively studied in order to study and reevaluate its performance particularly when TCP based applications and services are deployed in an emerging Next Generation Network (NGN) and Next Generation Internet (NGI). As a result, to understand the realistic interaction of TCP with new types of networks and technologies, a combination of a real-world TCP and a network simulator seems very essential. This work presents an integration of real-world TCP implementation of Linux TCP/IP network stack into a network simulator, called INET. Moreover, verification and validation of the integrated Linux TCP are performed within INET framework to ensure the validity of the integration. The results clearly confirm that the integrated Linux TCP displays reasonable and consistent dynamics with respect to the behaviors of the real-world Linux TCP. Finally, to demonstrate the application of the INET with Linux TCP extension, algorithms of other Linux TCP variants and their dynamic over a large-bandwidth long-delay network are briefly presented

A Reliable and Efficient Encounter-Based Routing Framework for Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networks

This article addresses Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networking (DTN) routing under a highly dynamic scenario, envisioned for communication in Vehicular Sensor Networks (VSNs) suffering from intermittent connection. Here, we focus on the design of a high level routing framework, rather than the dedicated encounter prediction. Based on an analyzed utility metric to predict nodal encounter, our proposed routing framework considers the following three cases: 1) Messages are efficiently replicated to a better qualified candidate node, based on the analysed utility metric related to destination. 2) Messages are conditionally replicated if the node with a better utility metric has not been met. 3) Messages are probabilistically replicated if the information in relation to destination is unavailable in the worst case. With this framework in mind, we propose two routing schemes covering two major technique branches in literature, namely Encounter-Based Replication Routing (EBRR) and Encounter-Based Spraying Routing (EBSR). Results under the scenario applicable to VSNs show that, in addition to achieving high delivery ratio for reliability, our schemes are more efficient in terms of a lower overhead ratio. Our core investigation indicates that apart from what information to use for encounter prediction, how to deliver messages based on the given utility metric is also important

A routing framework for Delay Tolerant Networks based on encounter angle

The concept of Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) has been utilized for wireless sensor networks, mobile ad hoc networks, interplanetary networks, pocket switched networks and suburb networks for developing region. Because of these application prospects, DTNs have received attention from academic community. Whereas only a few state of the art routing algorithms in DTNs address the problem of aborted messages due to the insufficient encounter duration. In order to reduce these aborted messages, we propose a routing framework which consists of two optional routing functions. Specifically, only one of them is activated according to the encounter angle between pairwise nodes. Besides, the copies of the undelivered message carried by most of the nodes in the network are more likely to be cleared out after successful transfer, which reduces the number of unnecessary transmissions for message delivery. By means of the priority for message transmission and deletion in case of the limited network resource, the proposed algorithm achieves the high delivery ratio with low overhead as well as less number of aborted messages due to the insufficient encounter duration, thus is more energy efficient

QoS Simulation and analysis of HTTP over LEO satellite constellation

In this paper, we present an end-to-end QoS simulation studies on internetworking of remote LAN and long range communications over LEO-Iridium satellites constellation taking SuperJARING network in Malaysia as an example. A macro level network simulation scenario based on actual network topology in Malaysia is implemented as Diffserv network model using the network simulator-2 (NS-2). Web traffic (HTTP) is used as the internet traffic models in the simulation analysis. All simulations are carried out in error-free and link-loss environment. In error-free simulations, the accumulative network traffic loads are varied from 20%, 50% and 80% while in link�loss environment simulations only 20% traffic load is used with bit error rate (BER) varied from 1x10-5 , 1x10-4 and 2x10-4 . We compare the empirical TCP throughput traces with analytical model for validation. The results show clearly that QoS can be achieved with IP Diffserv over satellites constellation like Iridium